Lubrication system and purpose of the
The purpose of the process of lubrication:
Is to develop a thin film of oil between the two surfaces in close proximity to moving one for the other to convert the oil without Tlameshma during movement and less resistance, friction arising between them in order to avoid corrosion which occurs inevitably if there is contact metal directly without a membrane or a layer of oil between them and leads to Tfahma preferably oil as a tool of lubrication due to the quality Tasgah surfaces with a property to his wife, where consists of a membrane oil located between the surfaces of several layers stick to classes external to the metal surface adjacent property of adhesion - while consolidating classes internal to each property of viscosity, which prevent the separation or cutting or crack these layers from each When Azlagaha Tdhrjha or on top of each under the pressure during the movement of the moving parts and prevent his escape from between the surfaces, as in other liquids.
Viscosity:
Are the property reflects the amount of cohesion of the inner layers of liquid with each other or in other words, the amount of resistance to flow and flow and friction layers medium with each other when they tend to break during the movement of the moving parts and do not indicate the viscosity on the good performance of oil to the functions nor the attributes Altazeiteh but shows strength in a certain temperature and high viscosity oils is borne by the high temperature without changing the degree.
The functions of lubricating oil:
1 - Lubrication: Oil turns without friction surfaces of each metal will prevent the erosion of their surfaces or scratching them.
2 - Cooling: oil absorbs heat from the cylinders and pistons and bearings (building) and other parts of the engine and transfers it to the oil tank mailbox facility and thus prevents relaxes and cohesion due to high temperature.
3 - knitting and Conditions: oil fills the space between the cylinders and Mkabsaa and between the piston and rings Hnibr normalcy and thus prevents the leakage of combustion gases to the outside.
4 - Cleaning: oil is mixed with carbon and soil, resins and other exotic materials that make up inside the engine, and he carries with him to the oil tank mailbox facility where large particles are deposited in the hall and get rid of small particles suspended by the candidate by the oil.
5 - Increasing the ability learned: working oil to reduce the power lost in overcoming friction and by the leakage of combustion gases.
6 - to deter shocks: Works pillow deter votes resulting from the trauma unit, which occur between the moving parts as a result of sudden change in pressure at the combustion performance, which helps to quiet the engine.
Types of friction: -
1 - Dry friction:
Is the friction arising between the two surfaces during the itching without Javian separated by a membrane of a layer of oil or grease where the overlap Ntaathma and held together with some friction and thus be relatively high whenever the rough surfaces Almtlamsh least somewhat soft, the more smooth.
2 - Friction fat:
This happens kind of friction in the engine at the start of his administration, where the oil may leak mostly (internal layers) layers of the pistons and cylinders as well as the surfaces of chairs fulcrum axes.
* Therefore recommends engineers cars that leave the engine running at slow speed for several minutes after the start of his administration and during the heated without loading the engine by opponents of movement on the road, even given the opportunity to annex to the working direction of rotation to pull a layer of oil below and increasingly after the working session of the lubricating efficiency of the flow facility Central to his chair, as it eliminates the metal contact.
3 - viscous friction:
Which is created between two objects separated by a surface membrane completely and plenty of oil carries the moving object and thus eliminates the metal contact and friction becomes in this case arises between the layers of oil that move relative to each only called fluid friction.
Characteristics that must be met in lubricating oils:
1 - for the wife of a suitable fixed: - the strength of a constant fit all the different operating conditions (high temperatures and low - wet and dry weather - operating for long and short distances at high speed and slow).
2 - with a high resistance to combustion: - it must be able to withstand high temperatures, which are exposed as a degree temperature walls of the cylinders and pistons and Aelchenibr while running the engine without burning up is not made up a large proportion of the carbon accumulating in the combustion chambers and deposited on the poles of a candle flame .
3 - with a corrosion-resistant - so as not to lead to the formation of the oxidation layer colloidal resembling tar clog sewage pipes and oil in a layer resembling resin varnish impede the piston rings and valves and be efficient materials, working on chemical erosion of moving parts.
4 - a resistance to the foam - it should not be a cause foam resembling foam egg whites when beating bat by shake mailbox facility and chopping column that came with it and mixing it with water due to low temperatures as one of the products of combustion or intensify water associated with the air ventilation tray facility and working This foam to increase the size of oil spills and thus of the vent box attached reduced, the efficiency of the process of oiling. And to prevent colloidal material change oil every short period of time or walk long distances by car from time to time to get rid of the water provided to your facility and evaporation as well as modern methods of ventilation tray attachment.
§ The mineral oil which is extracted from crude oil, the most suitable types of oils and the most common use in the lubrication of the engines as they change very slightly when exposed to air and no Ttfhm they rarely provide the speed of the engine management.
§ became the oils now known degrees set by the Society of Automotive Engineers Society Of Automotive Engineers, a numbers (10.20, 30, 40, 60, 90 110) before each of these figures the symbol SAE addition to the name of the oil that determines the type of service and indicates the number smaller that the oils with the viscosity coefficient is small and the largest number that the oil with a viscosity coefficient significantly.
There are also some companies producing oils depending on additions added to the oil as follows: -
- Oil ordinary Reguler
Is the oil output from the distillation of crude oil without additions efficiency is weak and affected by his wife, up to temperature and oxidized at high temperatures during operation, and uses this fuel to the engine with low compression ratios or engines used for the old long before Umrah.
- Oil Super ad hoc
Oil is added to chemical additives to prevent oxidation and sediment melt products of combustion and prevent the resins or wax is used on small engines (petrol) at the beginning of use.
- Oil when working hard (Heavy Duty (HD
This is a private oil additives for use on diesel engines with high capacity.
Additives Oils:
1 - Additives antioxidant.
2 - Add-proof foam.
3 - Add-proof and Himaat Alsmoghaiat.
4 - Add anti-corrosion.
5 - Additives improve the coefficient of viscosity.
6 - Add cleaning.
7 - Add-proof steel.
Moving parts that require lubrication: -
- Chairs axes annex.
- Piston-Benz.
- The walls of the cylinders.
- Chairs camshaft.
- Column lifts the valves.
- Evidence of the valves.
- Transmission time.
Method of lubrication:
The method of lubrication forced most common way and we'll talk about in detail and where the pump is used to take their movement through pinion particular problem on the camshaft and is this pump Bshbalzat of the oil pan (tray cover attached) through the filter mesh and then pay by pressing a certain determined by the pressure regulator to pass to the oil filter and from the main pipe to branch out into several branches up to the oil passages to lubricate the engine and moving parts of these branches are: -
- Branch to the indicated oil pressure in the constituency during the operation of the engine.
- Branch to anchor chairs crankshaft.
- Branch to chairs camshaft.
- Branch to a column lifts valves higher cylinder cover the legs and then push the valves.
- Pass a special chair to the front column of the facility or a chair for the lubrication of the camshaft timing gear.
And falling oil after it has gone in these branches to your facility (oil tank) again.
Components of the lubricant:
1 - a bowl of oil: Oil pan
A container that collects the oil lubrication of the engine and purpose to work a reservoir for a certain amount of oil depending on the requirements of the engine and maintain the oil level to be consistent and appropriate for the pump during the fall or rise of heights, so the base with two different levels also contains plug dump in the lowest point of the Even can dump the engine oil after the lifting or remove this plug.
2 - oil refinery: Oil Strainer
Is a wire mesh metal minute gaps are placed in the cover of linking the bottom of the oil pump so that a suitable distance from the bottom of the pot of oil in order to avoid capture mineral deposits generated during operation of the engine and that accumulate inside the container and thus operate the refinery to purify oil from foreign substances relatively large access to stream across the engine with oil.
3 - Oil Pump Oil Pump
Used several types of oil pumps in the group of lubrication for engine parts such as pump with feathers - the pump rotor - pump leg immersion - pump gears which derive their movement usually of different kinds of camshaft engine, and sometimes from the crankshaft and the purpose of the pump is pulling oil from the container and then pay in the Department of lubrication distributor under a certain pressure suit pressure needed to reach the oil to different parts of the motor and the pump is supplied to the pressure regulator (safety valve) installed at the exit hole with the oil.
4 - Oil filter Oil Filter
Oil pressure regulator valve Security Department:
Its purpose is to keep the oil pressure remains constant research and appropriate access to moving parts, regardless of engine oil temperature or speed of rotation of the pump, which pay high pressure oil, the faster the rotation of the engine.
Indicated mechanical oil pressure:
Provide services oiling Bimbin special statement oil pressure set on the dashboard so the driver can see him and he may look, if a malfunction occurs or a defect in the circuit prevents the arrival of the oil to moving parts engine and related to this set one of the branches of the tube main emerging from the oil pump.
How it works shown mechanical oil?
At the confluence of oil paid or CD from the pump to pipe compressed air trapped inside the tube towards the end closed by the unique impact of air Habous by increased pressure, when separately this end, the free overseas move with the crane articulated to move the sector dentate around the axis Artkazh to manage gear and with the pointer to indicate the amount of pressure oil on the scale shown.
Measure the oil level Oil Stick
Is a column of metal long used to determine the depth of the amount of oil inside the oil pan engine and enters the leg to the engine through a tube installed on the block cylinders where the sink end of the scale within the oil and is listed signs show the oil level in the basin, and must check the oil level periodically by Run the engine and must be the oil level on the scale between the tags which refer to the highest level and lowest level of the oil is not recommended to run the engine if the oil is more or less than the required level.
Oil Coolers:
Must be the oil temperature lower than or less than the temperature of engine parts and in order to remain without it fitted circles lubrication for some engines vehicles heavy-duty coolers turn it oil coming from the pump to cool before it passed to the circuit if necessary through the bypass valve.
Means of ventilation tray attachment:
Contain the Department of Air ventilation can annex a general slot for the entry of air into the engine - a hole for the exit of air from the engine - the means of air circulation between the slots and is used in ventilation motors modern tray attachment Court so called system ventilation system ventilation requirement for packet Positive Crank Case Ventilation and which is inserted into stream ventilation air from the main candidate who directly pay the accumulated fumes mailbox facility out side of the hole the pack relates to the private Bamozy tube or intake manifold to bring it back again to the combustion chambers with a mixture of air and fuel through a valve box for positive ventilation facility.
Now, here are some questions that you may know the answers when you want to change your car oil: -
Includes oil and filter change on the empty motor oil, old oil and replace a new addition to replacing the filter with a new one at the same time. The oil change the car from the most important things that must work to maintain your car, however there is considerable disagreement on when it becomes oil car, past and when to change oil again, and there are several factors that affect this, including how you drive your car and the age of machine, condition and environment, which leads In addition to the car to stop and walk-up compared to driving on the highways. Operating manuals suggest an oil change (4800) km to (16000) also suggests that you change the oil between your car (3000 to 5000) how, in the summer and in winter can change every 6,000 km, and particularly the Gulf states in general. You change the oil early if you are driving at high speed:
If you live in an atmosphere of very hot or very cold.
If you are driving on unpaved roads.
If your old machine consume the oil.
If you are carrying extra loads to your car.
* Why should you change the oil?
Change the composition of oils by the heat and become the oil less viscous, increasing friction and lead to erosion of machine parts due to friction and consume. Containing oil on some of the substances that act on the renewal acids, and a length of time consumed these substances and removes the impact. Finally absorbs the oil, water, dust and gases resulting from combustion . But how long saturated oil such materials can not absorb this material relates to the machine may cause rust in the machine.
* What happens if you do not change the engine oil?
Will not survive your old machine that is supposed to make several experienced Valzi important functions, and the oil clean lead those functions better than dirty oil, oil change and generally cheap and protects your car from great risk.
* Can I do this myself?
You only need enough oil to your car and a new filter kit and a number of hand to suit your car.
* Do you require your car some of the reforms between oil change intervals?
Yes, you need to know the oil level every few hundred kilometers. To check the oil level, turn your car on a flat surface and then remove scale and clean the oil well and then prepared to place. Narrated by again and make sure the oil level. Must be oil in the level of FULL If the oil is less than the brand you must add the oil until it reaches the mark
Be careful in this case, the oil cold flow slowly and may not reflect the standard oil directly to the real level of oil you added. So you estimate the amount that must be added at the first reading of the standard oil, and the best re-read the oil level on the day that you add the oil or the next day to make sure that the mark FULL Be careful, do not fill the machine with oil more than necessary because it leads to increase oil and connection to the crankshaft oil and because the crankshaft spins at speeds of several thousand cycles per minute it causes in this case Shake oil, boiled milk, which becomes covered with foam. It is therefore considered that harmful because the foam flow to parts of the machine and have their impact as a verb Article lubricated instead be oil facilitates the rotation of the engine, and as a result eroding all parts of the machine, if the oil level is low, you can add any kind of oil and is recommended to add the same oil. If the oil your car reduces always it is best to go to the workshop may be the cause leakage of oil or burned, and when they reach the machine age specific start burning oil, in which case you should calibrate the oil from time to time, otherwise you will burn up the machine and the soluble components by heat.
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